A Critical Analysis of the Concept of Srotas with Special Reference to Charaka Samhita: A Functional Perspective

Authors

  • Charuta Parlewar Associate Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Shri Gurudev Ayurved College, Mozari, District Amravati, Maharashtra, India
  • Ujjwala Upadhyay Associate Professor, Department of Samhita Siddhant, CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India
  • Pradnya Dandekar Professor & Head, Department of Kriyasharir, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital & Research Centre, Salod (H), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
  • Smita Aswar Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Department of CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52482/ayurline.v10i06.1143

Keywords:

Srotas, parmanu, Samyog, vibhag, vayu karma, swabhav

Abstract

The concept of srotas occupies a fundamental position in Ayurvedic physiology and pathology. In Charaka Samhita, srotasas are described as pathways or channels associated with the formation, transportation, transformation, nourishment and elimination of various bodily constituents. The present conceptual study critically analyses the description of srotas in Charaka Samhita and its major commentaries and explores its possible functional correlation with different levels of biological organization, namely cells, tissues, organs and organ systems. Particular attention is given to the Ayurvedic concepts of parmanu, samayoga, vibhaga, vivardhana and the role attributed to vayu in developmental processes. The study suggests that srotas should not be equated exclusively with any single modern anatomical entity. Rather, it may be understood as a functional and dynamic concept encompassing pathways and processes operating at multiple levels of organization. Such a functional interpretation may provide a useful framework for comparative understanding of Ayurvedic physiology and contemporary biomedical sciences. However, these correlations should be regarded as conceptual interpretations rather than direct anatomical equivalences.

Author Biographies

Charuta Parlewar, Associate Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Shri Gurudev Ayurved College, Mozari, District Amravati, Maharashtra, India

Associate Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Shri Gurudev Ayurved College, Mozari, District Amravati, Maharashtra, India

Ujjwala Upadhyay, Associate Professor, Department of Samhita Siddhant, CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India

Associate Professor, Department of Samhita Siddhant, CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India

Pradnya Dandekar, Professor & Head, Department of Kriyasharir, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital & Research Centre, Salod (H), Wardha, Maharashtra, India

Professor & Head, Department of Kriyasharir, Mahatma Gandhi Ayurved College, Hospital & Research Centre, Salod (H), Wardha, Maharashtra, India

Smita Aswar, Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, Department of CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India

Professor & Head, Department of Samhita Siddhant, CSMSS Ayurved College, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, India

References

1. Sarkar Arpita, Debnarayan Maity. “Critical analysis of srotas; A Literature Review”; international research journal of ayurveda & yoga, vol.5, no.7, pp.180-184.

2. Shastri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesha, revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary. vimansthan chapter 59 revised edition Varanasi chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p 634.

3. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary vimansthan chapter 53 revised edition Varanasi Chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p631.

4. Sambulingam K.and Sembulingam Prema; Essentials of Medical Physiology; 5th edition Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher 2010 chapter 1; p. 4-11

5. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sutrasthan; chapter 3012 revised edition Varanasi chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p 513.

6. Dwivedi Lakshmidhar. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh with Ayurved Dipika Commentary and Tattva Prakashini Commentary and Jalpakalptaru commentary; sutrasthan chapter 3012 Chaukhamba. p 619.

7. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sharirsthan chapter 717 revised edition Varanasi chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p812

8. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sutrasthan chapter 127revised edition Varanasi chaukhamba Bharti academy;2023; p 215.

9. Gytan,Arthur c, & john. E hall; Text book of Medical Physiology; 10th ed harcourt international, 2001; chapter 2; p.9.

10. Agrawal, Akash kumar, C.R Adav, M.S Meena. “Physiological aspects of Agni’ Ayu. Vol31, no.3, jul-sep 2010, pp. 395-398.

11. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sharirsthan chapter 717revised edition Varanasi Chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p 812.

12. Dwivedi Lakshmidhar. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh with Ayurved Dipika Commentary and Tattva Prakashini Commentary and Jalpakalptaru commentary; Charak; sharirsthan chapter 717 Chaukhamba p 1128.

13. sadler T.W. Langman’s Medical Embreology 15th ed, Wolters Kluwer; 2023-chapter 3 p 35-50.

14. Dwivedi Lakshmidhar. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh with Ayurved Dipika Commentary and Tattva Prakashini Commentary and Jalpakalptaru commentary; vimansthan chapter 717 chaukhamba publisher p 1128.

15. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sharirsthan chapter 244 revised edition varanashi chaukhamba Bharti academy publisher Reprint 2023; p 754.

16. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sharirsthan chapter 229 revised edition varanashi chaukhamba Bharti academy publisher Reprint 2023; p 751.

17. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary sharirsthan chapter 216 revised edition varanashi chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p 747.

18. sadler T.W. Langman’s; Medical Embreology 12th ed; Wolters Kluwer;2012-chapter 2 p 11-20.

19. Sambulingam K.and Sembulingam Prema; Essentials of Medical Physiology; 5th edition Jaypee Brothers Medical Publisher 2010 chapter 1; p. 3

20. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary vimansthan chapter 53 revised edition Varanasi chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p 631

21. K.Sambulingam Prema sembulingam; Essentials of Medical Physiology; 5th edition Jay pee Brothers medical publisher (p) Ltd 2010 chapter 1; p. 3

22. Dwivedi Lakshmidhar. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh with Ayurved Dipika Commentary and Tattva Prakashini Commentary and Jalpakalptaru commentary; Charak; vimansthan chapter 57 chaukhamba publisher p 828.

23. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary vimansthan chapter 59 revised edition varanashi, Chaukhamba Bharti academy 2023; p634

24. 24) Sambulingam K.and Sembulingam Prema; Essentials of Medical Physiology;5th Edition Jay pee Brothers medical publisher 2010 chapter 1; p3

25. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary vimansthan chapter 57 revised edition varanashi chaukhamba Bharti academy publisher Reprint 2023; p632

26. Shashtri Kashinath. Charak Samhita of Agnivesh revised by Charak and Drudhbal with the vidyotini commentary vimansthan chapter 59 revised edition varanashi, Chaukhamba Bharti academy publisher Reprint 2023; p63

Published

01-10-2026

How to Cite

Charuta Parlewar, Ujjwala Upadhyay, Pradnya Dandekar, & Smita Aswar. (2026). A Critical Analysis of the Concept of Srotas with Special Reference to Charaka Samhita: A Functional Perspective. Ayurline: International Journal of Research in Indian Medicine, 10(06). https://doi.org/10.52482/ayurline.v10i06.1143